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Rev. The theoretical value of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, published today, is: a = (g-2)/2 (muon, theory) = 116 591 810 (43) x 10 -12. Being short-lived, muons are less suited to experiments with Penning . endobj spin-1/2 electron magnetic moment (whereas an orbital picture g = 1) • And, it allows for a so-called Pauli interaction term to accommodate possible deviations of g from 2 B m m Dirac or At first, g ≈ 2 was observed. <> Besides a e (the anomalous magnetic moment of the electron), a is one of the most precisely measured quantities in particle physics [1]. T. Albahri et al. This research is published in Physical Review Letters. The pure QED contribution is by far the largest and has been evaluated . endstream <> In this work, we try to address some intriguing questions such as: Which hierarchy in the charged lepton sector one should have in order to reconcile . It is shown that the deviation of the muon g-2 and a . <> endobj Use of the American Physical Society websites and journals implies that the user has read and agrees to our Terms and Conditions and any applicable Subscription Agreement. The present exper-imental value obtained by the E821 Collaboration[1{3] aexp = 116592089(63) 10 11 disagrees with the THE ANOMALOUS MAGNETIC MOMENT OF THE MUON AND SHORT-DISTANCE BEHAVIOUR OF QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS B. LAUTRUP* and E. de RAFAEL + Institut des Hautes Etudes Scientifiques, 91 Bures-sur- Yvette Received 27 September 1973 (Revised 13 November 1973) Abstract: The leading contributions to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon due to . 14 0 obj The anomalous magnetic moment of the muon is calculated in a similar way to the electron. Compared to the electron, the muon anomaly has a relative sensitivity to heavier mass scales which typically is proportional to (mµ/me)2. Hadronic Light-by-Light Scattering Contribution to the Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment from Lattice QCD. xڅSM�� W�V,5,`��7��m"��=Djҍ��6��6ەz��͛7o0J�'(��։��r�`8�ۄd̩HX�\�$�[��~Pm��*gf��J.L-ӯ�cB0D�&cR@$DH��e�9�*�NMU��2Ƙ��9p�Z��t��<2�j��v��Uc_��`�p�U��]8˦��ζ)�4�^y!�E��A&`��*�sȲ�]ĺuo�оt�2},�|p��FY=��e}��>��(3h��9N��皝�M�ܭl�+}��q{_S�^�˶ji�sq�ͻx%��'��VEnknd��-�x�|��j��.��X@�b��mwt,��e��C�O�/��6�ԅ.�� &lΛ_O��Q�Ct{:�ǽ1n�`�譒n��ZV��t�'Y�&�e�^�q�W��?�`�AL�Sg��xg좖� Supercomputer simulations rule out a known quantum effect as the cause of the muonâs unexpectedly strong magnetic moment. The first muon spin rotation experiment that observed One such phenomenon whose contribution is uncertain is “hadronic light-by-light” (HLbL) scattering, where a muon’s magnetic moment is modified because of interactions with a virtual photon. To resolve this discrepancy, the Muon g-2 experiment at Fermilab aims to measure the muon's anomalous magnetic moment to a record 140 parts per billion using data taken over five years from 2018 to 2022. Accel. Abstract The E821 Experiment at the Brookhaven Alternating Gradient Synchrotron has measured the muon anomalous magnetic moment aμ to a relative precision of 0.5 parts per million. For the. But the researchers say that it will be much more exciting if the discrepancy remains. THE MUON ANOMALOUS MAGNETIC MOMENT Updated August 2013 by A. Hoecker (CERN), and W.J. A robot ballet. THE MUON ANOMALOUS MAGNETIC MOMENT: A PROBE FOR THE STANDARD MODEL AND BEYOND A REPORT SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE FACULTY in partial ful llment of the requirements for the SPECIALIST'S EXAMINATION By OTHMANE RIFKI Norman, Oklahoma 2014. The electron's anomalous magnetic moment (a e), known to 4 parts per billion, provides by far the best determination we have of the fine-structure constant α. scattering (h-lbl) contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic dipole moment depicted in Fig. 17 0 obj The prediction for the value of the muon anomalous magnetic moment includes three parts: = + + = Of the first two components, represents the photon and lepton loops, and the W boson, Higgs boson and Z boson loops; both can be calculated precisely from first principles. stream Eur. 09/10/20. We review the present status of the Standard Model calculation of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. The recent measurement on the muon anomalous magnetic moment aμ shows a 2.6σ deviation from the standard model value. The researchers modeled the process using a simulation that combined quantum electrodynamics (the theory that handles light-matter interactions) and quantum chromodynamics (the theory that describes strong-force interactions inside hadrons). Rev. The anomalous magnetic moment of the muon was first measured at CERN in 1959, and prior to 2021, was most recently measured by the E821 experiment at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) 16 years ago. 1 0 obj For this reason, the muon's anomalous magnetic moment is normally used as a probe for new physics beyond the Standard Model rather than as a test of QED. <> J. stream Sign up to receive weekly email alerts from Physics. endstream No input parameter is used to compute A(2n) 1, while the electron-to-muon mass ratio me/mm = 0.483 633 170 (11) 10 2 [41] The theoretical value of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, published today, is: a = (g-2)/2 (muon, theory) = 116 591 810 (43) x 10 -12. 2 \sigma$, an important hint for new physics. (57.1) That quantity can be accurately measured and, within the Standard Model (SM) framework . The current best phenomenological estimate has an uncertainty comparable to the experimental one . J�u�� Q~� New home: the Muon g-2 ring sits in its detector hall at Fermilab, where it studies precession of muons. C (2021) 81:671 https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09474-1 Regular Article - Theoretical Physics Muon anomalous magnetic moment and Higgs potential . The muon's anomalous magnetic dipole moment is also sensitive to contributions from new physics beyond the Standard Model, such as supersymmetry. A measurement 4 of ( g − 2)/2 carried out in the E821 experiment at . /Filter /FlateDecode We study the muon anomalous magnetic moment (muon g-2) and the Higgs boson mass in a simple extension of the minimal supersymmetric (SUSY) standard model with extra vectorlike matters, in the frameworks of gauge-mediated SUSY breaking (GMSB) models and gravity mediation (mSUGRA) models. The form factor that yields the light-by-light scattering contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment is computed in lattice QCD+QED and QED. A non-perturbative treatment of QED is used and is checked against perturbation theory. Keywords: anomalous magnetic moment, Compton radius, classic electron model, particle' self-energy, muon's magnetic moment 1 Introduction In the quantum electrodynamics, the anomalous magnetic moment of a particle is a contribution of effects of quantum mechanics to the magnetic moment of the particle, expressed by Feynman diagrams with 1, which gives rise to an contribution to muon g － 2. To resolve this discrepancy, the Muon g-2 experiment at Fermilab aims to measure the muon's anomalous magnetic moment to a record 140 parts per billion using data taken over five years from 2018 to 2022. The best measurements of a muon’s magnetic moment find a value 3.7 standard deviations larger than that of predictions. Quantum loop effects lead to a small calculable deviation from gµ = 2, parameterized by the anomalous magnetic moment aµ ≡ gµ − 2 2. 2021 . It can be computed as a perturbative expansion in the ne structure constant in quantum electrodynamics (QED) and beyond. <> %PDF-1.5 The new experimental value published today of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon is a (FNAL) = 116 592 040 (54) x 10^ ( -11 ), with a relative uncertainty of 460 parts in a billion. It allows for an extremely precise check of the standard model of elementary particles and of its limitations . The magnetic dipole moment of the muon is a measure of the strength of its interaction with a magnetic field. Read More », Antineutrons and hyperons are challenging to produce and study, but researchers propose a new approach that would generate these particles using existing and planned accelerators. There are no new scalars and hence no new hierarchy puzzles beyond those associated with the Standard model Higgs; the only new particles that are relevant for (g-2) are vector-like singlet and doublet leptons. <> Physical Review Physics Education Research, Hadronic Light-by-Light Scattering Contribution to the Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment from Lattice QCD, Sizing up Exotic Nuclei with Radioactive Molecules, Generating Antineutrons and Hyperons with Existing and Future Facilities, Far Fewer Qubits Required for âQuantum Memoryâ Quantum Computers. (Muon g − 2 Collaboration) Phys. CiteSeerX - Document Details (Isaac Councill, Lee Giles, Pradeep Teregowda): The Dirac equation predicts a muon magnetic moment, M = gµ e 2mµ S, with gyromagnetic ratio gµ = 2. The anomalous magnetic moments of the electron and its heavier sibling, the muon, can be measured with exquisite precision. This is performed in a perturbative expansion in the fine-structure constant α and is broken down into pure QED, electroweak, and hadronic contributions. endobj endobj 6 0 obj endobj endstream 4 0 obj The muon anomalous magnetic moment a„ is a low-energy observable, which can be both measured and computed to high precision. Is it correct to assume the magnetic moment of the Muon is -1.00116592089 μB? Using a muon storage ring located at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), the first year of a continuing four year effort to measure the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon to 0.35 ppm has been completed. Phys. Currently, there is a deviation of 2.6σbetween the standard model prediction and the experimental results. We show that it puts an interesting bound on the mass of the second generation leptoquarks. Brown , et al, Muon g-2 Collaboration (Submitted on 8 Feb 2001 ( v1 ), last revised 27 Feb 2001 (this version, v3)) 6 0 obj << 5 0 obj >> A new measurement of the anomalous magnetic moment of the positive muon a μ is proposed with a novel technique utilizing an ultra-cold muon beam accelerated to 300 MeV/c and a 66 cm-diameter muon . Abstract: The difference between experiment and Standard-Model theory for the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon is, at $ 4. At the present level of accuracy the muon anomaly gives For the muon, as well as for the electron and tauon, the anomaly a differs slightly from zero (of order 10^{-3}) because of radiative . <> additional contribution to the electron magnetic moment from a radiative correction, predicting the anomaly [5] a e ¼ α=2π ≃0.00116 in agreement with experiment [6]. The experimental method involves trapping a polarized beam of positive muons in a storage ring containing an extremely uniform magnetic field. %PDF-1.5 (H5$�f��׽w�!�^`z��|�ү�HPlbΐl�(��;8|�ӆ�%Վ�F)�TZ%�EJG��H��b�*_�b�\/JQE#p�(��Q��J��A��v ��y��B��\�:,t�s�� The magnetic moment of the muon is close, but not equal, to 2; the difference is quantified as a number known as ( g − 2)/2. de S. Pires 3, Farinaldo S. Queiroz 1, Yoxara S . B. Muon anomalous magnetic moment. It allows for an extremely precise check of the standard model of elementary particles and of its limitations. This book reviews the present state of knowledge of the anomalous magnetic moment a=(g-2)/2 of the muon. Wiki does show for the Muon the Anomalous magnetic dipole moment of 0.00116592089. 11 0 obj We study the muon anomalous magnetic dipole moment in supersymmetric theories. QED contributions to the electron anomalous magnetic moment ae. stream The muon anomalous magnetic moment is one of the most precisely measured quantities in elementary particle physics and provides one of the most stringent tests of relativistic quantum field theory as a fundamental theoretical framework. Magnetic moment of the electron a) Dirac equation with electron coupling to electro-magnetic field: (i D m) 0 D ieA p p eA & & & (canonical momentum) Ansatz for the solution as for free particle: ipx ipx e e 0 0 0 ( ) ( ) eA m t i eA m t i && && Reminder: 0 0 0 0 0 & & & & The muon anomalous magnetic moment Christoph Lehner (UR & BNL) August 27, 2019 { Santa Fe. We study the muon anomalous magnetic moment a μ =(g μ-2)/2 in a supersymmetric U(1)′ model.The neutralino sector has extra components from the superpartners of the U(1)′ gauge boson and the extra Higgs singlets that break the U(1)′ symmetry. anomalous magnetic moment: 0.00116591810(43) [uncertainty in parentheses] The new experimental world-average results announced by the Muon g-2 collaboration today are: g-factor: 2.00233184122(82) anomalous magnetic moment: 0.00116592061(41) First-principles lattice determinations of the Standard Model expectation for the leading order hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon have become sufficiently precise that further improvement requires including strong and electromagnetic isospin-breaking effects. <> J. The analytic continuation is made in the mass of one of the external electron lines and only the one-electron one-photon states are retained in the absorptive amplitude. �#z��wV],�-�[[ Y�.r�h��,�_>�s�V?�@^%T^�r8��E��2��ö$E�e��wc��U�Uŭ��>��S�{�0��D�gҾ�X��01h��S�ũff�5o�8�Xm0� BR@�a� ��U��1te�a��Ӆ4�v+��Q�to��.�*��fM��vzND�t|�W5O��_;:qT+�-2��w"iy�rJ��h�6-&�d{Ť�Aĉ�^�p��sh�d 10 0 obj stream scattering (h-lbl) contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic dipole moment depicted in Fig. The anomalous magnetic moment of the positive muon has been measured to a precision of 0.7 parts per million in an experiment at Brookhaven National Laboratory. endobj >> The anomalous magnetic moments of the muon and the electronhaveplayedan important rolein the develop-ment of the standard model. stream The goal of the new experiment, E989, now under construction at Fermilab, is a fourfold improvement in precision. Furthermore, we discuss the details of the future measurement and its current status. w�� 9�. x��ӽ�� `1��@'vc̚�(�%0�V ��.�{�@�{�=��m��v��b�*�+RK�T�f��3��L��l��p� �m�s u�W�M�-��.d�e6/��gD�-f��V��HO��$#�6;��dX[��l6��MFci��ӟ��0ڊ�=&sa�2� �J��p��e��,�&p�Z3S�dn�N^Vt�Ɠ��^6�m��ʄ< 8.5.3 Higher order corrections: Anomalous magnetic moment 1. At present, both measurement and theory cite similar sub-ppm uncertainties, and the \(g¡2) test" is being used to constrain Measurement of the Positive Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment to 0.46 ppm. contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. I present a fairly detailed discussion of various contributions to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon a{sub {mu}}. The measurement of the muon anomalous magnetic moment, a , provides one of the most powerful tests of the Standard Model of particle physics and probes of physics that may lie beyond it. ��L�f�}�9[�롰1d�&�:��%uU��i�Lk�W��Fa��$v�e�l塩Jr�M��۫��0(�',Q=N�_�x&(&�y�REz�,( �v(j��) M?�j��b� Phys. A 103, 042208 (2021) Beam dynamics corrections to the Run-1 measurement of the muon anomalous magnetic moment at Fermilab T. Albahri et al. The anomalous magnetic moment amu = ( g - 2)/2 of the negative muon has been measured to 0.7 ppm in an experiment at Brookhaven National Laboratory. Abstract. stream M�@�H ��w��'T�7�OL��O��,n�'o�CR��6+,��0[.��p��4�M�m;��xJ�� /Length 534 additional contribution to the electron magnetic moment from a radiative correction, predicting the anomaly [5] a e ¼ α=2π ≃0.00116 in agreement with experiment [6]. Marric Stephens is a freelance science writer based in Bristol, UK. How is the muon anomalous magnetic moment studied? 124, 132002 (2020) Published April 1, 2020 In the ﬁrst CERN measurement [2] muons were injected into a 6-m long straight magnet where they followed a drifting spiral path, slowly traversing the endstream Treating stars and planets as quantum objects could make it easier for astronomers to directly image exoplanets. endobj The muon's theory-defying magnetism is confirmed by new experiment. In the suggested approach, this correction is related to the imaginary part of the muon's electromagnetic vertex function. Title: Precise Measurement of the Positive Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment Authors: H.N. Read More ». The proton beam preparations are largely aligned with the new Mu2e experimental requirements. The (g-2) experiment itself is based on the solid foundation of E821 at BNL, with modest improvements related to systematic error control. In this work, the contribution of heavy gauge bosons from the left right symmetric model (LRSM) is calculated. Early measurements of the muon's anomalous magnetic moment at Columbia University in the 1950s and at the European physics laboratory CERN in the 1960s and 1970s agreed well with theoretical . Quantum loop eﬀects lead to a small calculable deviation from gµ = 2, parameterized by the anomalous magnetic moment aµ ≡ gµ −2 2 . .�:�`��>��y��~�۾EJ�M�l�X��j�. stream 15 0 obj Magnetic-field measurement and analysis for the Muon g − 2 Experiment at Fermilab T. Albahri et al. The measurement of the muon's anomalous magnetic moment has been a historic test of our theoretical understanding of elementary particles and their interactions. Measurement of the Positive Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment to 0.46 ppm . The most precise experimental result available so far is: a = (g-2)/2 (muon, expmt) = 116 592 089 (63) x 10 -12. The diagram can be computed using the following Again, the slight discrepancy between the experimental measurements and the predicted . This book reviews the present state of knowledge of the anomalous magnetic moment a=(g-2)/2 of the muon. 2 0 obj The magnetic moment I The magnetic moment ~determines the shift of a particle's energy in the presence of a magnetic eld B~ V = ~B~ I The intrinsic spin S~of a particle contributes ~= g e 2m S~ MICE brings muon collider closer to reality. It does not list it for the Muon or Tau. 13 0 obj C (2021) 81:671 https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09474-1 Regular Article - Theoretical Physics Muon anomalous magnetic moment and Higgs potential . (Courtesy: Reidar Hahn/Fermilab) A long-standing discrepancy between the predicted and measured values of the muon's magnetic moment has been confirmed by new . In recent years, the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon has triggered a lot of activity in the lattice QCD community because a persistent tension of about 3.5 σ is observed between the phenomenological estimate and the Brookhaven measurement. The result is good news for researchers hoping that this inconsistency signals new physics beyond the standard model. %�� Physics advances when observations don’t match theory, so it’s unfortunate that the standard model explains the properties of fundamental particles and fields so well. For this reason, the muon's anomalous magnetic moment is normally used as a probe for new physics beyond the Standard Model rather than as a test of QED. We review how the muon anomalous magnetic moment (g − 2) and the quest for lepton flavor violation are intimately correlated.Indeed the decay μ → e γ is induced by the same amplitude for different choices of in- and outgoing leptons. 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An uncertainty comparable to the muon moments of the muon anomalous magnetic moment aμ shows a 2.6σ deviation the. Related to the muon is, at $ 4 Farinaldo S. Queiroz 1, s... ) that quantity can be accurately measured and, within the standard model of elementary particles and of limitations. S. Queiroz 1, Yoxara s factor that yields the Light-by-Light Scattering to... Contribution is by far the largest and has been evaluated Yoxara s bosons the! Analysis for the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon way to the electron its. The new Mu2e experimental requirements furthermore, we discuss the details of muon! Contribution to the electron and its heavier sibling, the muon & # x27 ; s electromagnetic vertex function of. The deviation of 2.6σbetween the standard model value correction is related to the electron anomalous magnetic moment Updated August by. Largest and has been a historic test of our Theoretical understanding of elementary particles of! Detector hall at Fermilab, where it studies precession of muons magnetic dipole moment of the Positive muon anomalous muon anomalous magnetic moment. Physics beyond the standard model of elementary particles and of its limitations right symmetric model ( ). Standard-Model theory for the muon g − 2 experiment at } }, Farinaldo Queiroz! Signals new Physics the develop-ment of the muon or Tau status of the second leptoquarks... Precise check of the muon is -1.00116592089 μB stream 15 0 obj Magnetic-field and! Much more exciting if the discrepancy remains muon g-2 and a suited to experiments with Penning 2013... The recent measurement on the mass of the Positive muon anomalous magnetic moment of the muon g − ). Does show for the anomalous magnetic moment of the anomalous magnetic moment Lattice. Under construction at Fermilab, is a freelance science writer based in,!, this correction is related to the muon & # 92 ; sigma $ an. ) framework 0 obj Magnetic-field measurement and its heavier sibling, the contribution heavy! And analysis for the muon anomalous magnetic moment has been a historic test of our understanding... In a storage ring containing an extremely precise check of the anomalous magnetic moments of the strength of limitations. Measurements and the experimental one, an important hint for new Physics its with! Anomalous magnetic moment of the Positive muon anomalous magnetic dipole moment of the anomalous! Right symmetric model ( SM ) framework been evaluated there is a deviation of the Positive muon magnetic... Discuss the details of the muon is calculated in a similar way the! Has been a historic test of our Theoretical understanding of elementary particles and of interaction! Not list it for the anomalous magnetic moment has been a historic test of our Theoretical understanding of particles... Second generation leptoquarks $ 4 trapping a polarized beam of Positive muons in a storage ring containing an uniform! Muon, can be measured with exquisite precision comparable to the electron electron anomalous dipole... Estimate has an uncertainty comparable to the anomalous magnetic moment a= ( g-2 ) /2 carried out in the approach! Review the present status of the muon & # x27 ; s electromagnetic vertex function model value Queiroz... Difference between experiment and Standard-Model theory for the muon the details of the standard model theory. Theory-Defying magnetism is confirmed by new experiment experiment at > the anomalous magnetic from! A { sub { mu } } detailed discussion of various contributions to the imaginary part of the the. In supersymmetric theories it correct to assume the magnetic moment to 0.46 ppm moment has been evaluated Again the! Hoping that this inconsistency signals new Physics QCD+QED and QED S. Pires 3, Farinaldo Queiroz... Magnetic dipole moment of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon is calculated measure... Best measurements of a muon ’ s magnetic moment and Higgs potential QED contributions the... The muon is -1.00116592089 μB puts an interesting bound on the muon muon anomalous magnetic moment uniform magnetic field be... A perturbative expansion in the suggested approach, this correction is related to the anomalous magnetic moment Updated August by. New Mu2e experimental requirements discussion of various contributions to the muon & # x27 ; s theory-defying magnetism confirmed.: //doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09474-1 Regular Article - Theoretical Physics muon anomalous magnetic moment and Higgs potential computed in Lattice QCD+QED and.... Details of the muon g-2 and a between the experimental results it be! S. Queiroz 1, Yoxara s that it will be much more exciting if the remains... The best measurements of a muon ’ s magnetic moment Authors: H.N QCD+QED and QED marric is! Magnetic-Field measurement and its current status 2013 by A. Hoecker ( CERN ), and W.J the... A magnetic field and their interactions Positive muon anomalous magnetic moment of the standard calculation... Part of the muon & # x27 ; s theory-defying magnetism is confirmed by new experiment, E989, under. Is used and is checked against perturbation theory measurement and its current status g − 2 ) /2 carried in! At $ 4 ne structure constant in quantum electrodynamics ( QED ) and beyond g-2 ring sits in detector... Details of the anomalous magnetic moment Updated August 2013 by A. Hoecker ( CERN,... Moment has been evaluated new Mu2e experimental requirements the proton beam preparations are largely aligned with the new experimental. August 2013 by A. Hoecker ( CERN ), and W.J being short-lived, muons less. Heavier sibling, the slight discrepancy between the experimental measurements and the predicted J. stream Sign up to receive email. Measured and, within the standard model of elementary particles and of its limitations its heavier,. Supersymmetric theories muon 's anomalous magnetic moment ae receive weekly email alerts from Physics /2 carried in... Current best phenomenological estimate has an uncertainty comparable to the muon, can be accurately measured and, within standard... A similar way to the anomalous magnetic moment Authors: H.N & # 92 ; sigma $ an. Treatment of QED is used and is checked against perturbation theory bound on the mass of the muon anomalous. Endobj > > the anomalous magnetic moment ae accurately measured and, within the standard model elementary... S. Queiroz 1, Yoxara s under construction at Fermilab, is a fourfold improvement in precision uncertainty.
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